This book presents the recent trends in science and engineering. The matters discussed and presented in the chapters of this book cover a wide spectrum of topics and research methods in the field of engineering. The book contains seven chapters: global energy supply security, stochastic optimization techniques, Adaboost-RF classifier for disease diagnosis, vegetable oil usage in the internal combustion engines, hy- drogen post-injection in the diesel engine, the inverse problem of Sturm-Liouville operator, and the loading configuration of patterns in frames.