The modernization process, which started with the proclamation of the Tanzimat and Islahat Edicts in the Ottoman Empire, continued with the Constitutional Monarchy period. While modernization was felt in areas such as law and state administration, it was also reflected in public and social life. This process also had an enormous impact on Ottoman women and during this period, while living in a relatively closed society, they now began to exist in the social life. In the Ottoman Empire, a multinational empire, non-Muslim women as well as Muslim women carried out media activities, started work life and performed activities related to different brances of art. However, the history of non-Muslim women has not taken its place in Turkish official historiography a lot. This book is intended to examine the activities of non-Muslim women in the public sphere from the modernization process of the Ottoman Empire to its last period, accompanied by primary and secondary sources. I would like to thank Katerina Kotsaftiki for her help, while carrying out this study.
